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Linear ordering for Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs).
Cannot have cycles
u comes before v for u→v
Safe sequence of operations
Topological sorting for a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is a linear ordering of vertices such that for every directed edge **u → v**, vertex **u** comes before **v** in the ordering. It is commonly used for scheduling tasks, resolving dependencies, or determining the sequence of university courses.
A topological sort is possible if and only if the graph has no directed cycles. If a cycle exists, there is no "first" element in the cycle to start with. Most graphs have multiple valid topological orderings.