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Arrays are the most fundamental data structure in computer science. They store elements in contiguous memory locations and provide constant-time access to elements using indices.
Constant time access to any element using its index
Elements stored in contiguous memory locations
Easy to understand and implement basic operations
Sequential access patterns optimize cache performance
| Operation | Best Case | Average Case | Worst Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
| Search | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) |
| Insertion | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) |
| Deletion | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) |
Space Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of elements